A permanent exhibition showcasing the animal and plant remains discovered during recent excavations of the amphitheatre's southern drainage system has opened in the Colosseum's underground chambers. Excavations conducted by the Colosseum Archaeological Park in 2022 unearthed large quantities of remains, dating back to the abandonment of the hydraulic system in the last quarter of the 5th century AD. These were studied by Claudia Minniti of Sapienza's Department of Ancient World Studies and Alessandra Celant of the Department of Environmental Biology, in collaboration with the Park.

The exhibition features artefacts relating to the food, entertainment and pastimes enjoyed by spectators in the stands during the final centuries of the amphitheatre's existence. The remains of meat, fish, eggs, shellfish, spices and summer and autumn fruits (including some of exotic origin) consumed by spectators are on display. Bones from domestic and wild animals, including some exotic species, testify to their use in games. Carved wooden elements demonstrate the variety of woods used for the Colosseum's structure and decoration. The bone, leather and wooden artefacts on display offer a glimpse into ancient customs and habits.