PhD represents the third level of studies and is the highest degree of university education of the Italian academic system and it allows the development of the skills necessary to carry out high-qualified research activities. PhD in Translational Medicine and Oncology has the objective to integrate in a translational way, different fields to help PhD student to identify prognostic, predictive and therapeutic factors in tumors. The fields involved are: digestive tract, lung and gynecological tumor. The course is focusing Gender Medicine in these particular aspects. The Doctorate is based on three curricula: METHODS OF EXPERIMENTAL AND SURGICAL RESEARCH IN ONCOLOGY It aims to develop research starting from the most current studies in the field of molecular biology, modifications of gene expression, genetic mutations, oncogenic mechanisms and related molecular targets. This favors the development of innovative surgical and therapeutic techniques promoting "Target Therapy". DIGESTIVE DISEASES It is based on epidemiological factors and principles of health interventions aimed to prevent and treat digestive tumors, including palliative therapies. This Curriculum is based on studies in vitro and in vivo and screening programs on colon, pancreas, liver, stomach and esophagus cancers. Furthermore, there is particular attention to define risk factors in rare diseases of the digestive system. GYNECOLOGICAL AND OBSTETRIC SCIENCES The target of this Curriculum is to provide high scientific research training to identify predictive and prognostic biological-molecular factors to diagnose and treat gynecological tumors. Fertility sparing and pregnancy after cancer status are an important line of studies and researches. The training course includes didactic activities, seminars, journal clubs, theoretical-practical class from the laboratory to the patient's bed involving PhD student in the different phases of the scientific activity. The final target is to build an independent PhD researcher able to conceive and manage projects. The course allows periods at foreign universities and research centers. Students can teach in academical courses for 40 hs per year completing their training for potential university career. Activities are monitored with a progressive test every year showing data through technological tools such as statistical analysis and spreadsheets. PhD goal is to form researchers to be employed in a national and international public and private research centers.