The PhD in "Psychology and Social Neuroscience" is a 3 year multi-centre Ph.D. programme that is designed to train researchers in a multidisciplinary vein and to advance their knowledge in theory, research methodology, and several substantive fields that are part of psychology and social neuroscience field. Students may apply to one of the two research tracks (curriculum): A) Cognitive Social and Affective Neuroscience (CoSAN) and B) Personality and Organizational Psychology (POP). Both curricula COSAN e POP aims: * To provide methodological knowledge, develop theoretically sound and cogent experimental, quasi experimental and longitudinal-cross-sectional designs and paradigms. * To train Ph.D. students to be future independent researchers by supporting their proactive role from writing scientific articles to grant hunting and grant writing. * To encourage inquisitive, creative and critical thinking through group interaction and cooperation. * To reinforce the interaction between partner laboratories by sharing knowledge and expertise and through researchers' mobility. In particular, Ph.D. students will carry out their research projects at Sapienza University of Rome and another university within the PhD network. During the first year each student must attend courses both on conceptual models, research methodology and paradigms within the basic themes previous mentioned. During the first year, Phd students are required to identify the research line they want to pursue and present their own research project. During the second and third year students in conjunction with their tutor must realize their research projects and scientific publications on Italian and international journals. Scientific publications represent evaluation criteria for the admission to the final defense. Finally first, second and third year students are required to attend regular seminar, lab meetings and courses planned within the programme as well as summer-schools, national and international conference, stages in different university sites within the International Bilateral cultural and scientific Agreements established by the program.