The PhD program in Aeronautical and Space Engineering represents the highest level of university education in the aerospace sector provided by the University of Rome La Sapienza. The PhD course aims at training the skills necessary to carry out highly qualified research activities in the aerospace field. This is a course mainly aimed at the best graduates in the aeronautical and space engineering sectors, but candidates holding a specialist or master's degree in the engineering and science sectors (or equivalent degrees or qualifications obtained abroad and recognized as suitable). The training course involves carrying out an original research work to be completed over a three-year period. This path includes an initial phase of completion of the candidate's technical-scientific preparation acquired in the degree courses followed, then the carrying out of the research activity carried out by the candidate under the guidance of one or more of the professors of the doctoral course, and finally the elaboration of the thesis. The aim of the course is to train PhDs able to successfully enter the field of fundamental and applied research, and to develop innovative solutions typical of industrial sectors, such as aeronautics and space, which have always required border. The educational offer of the PhD course in AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE ENGINEERING aims to train two distinct professional figures: (i) the first oriented mainly but not exclusively to fundamental research in aerospace with a view to entering the academic world and research centres, and (ii) the second mainly oriented towards the acquisition of advanced technology knowledge and skills with a view to entering the world of aerospace companies. These two educational objectives are pursued by organizing the PhD course in AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE ENGINEERING according to two Curricula, the first called Aeronautical and Space Engineering Sciences (C#1) and the second Aeronautical and Space Engineering Technologies (C#2 ). The common objective of the two curricula is the achievement of scientific excellence, understood both in terms of the production of scientific papers and of application effects in the engineering field. The training offer of the doctorate therefore includes a number of courses common to the two curricula which contribute to the completion of the training of the doctoral student, as well as a large series of seminars, concerning both basic research topics and interventions by leading exponents of the industrial research in the aerospace field in the Italian and European context.