The PhD in Human Biology and Medical Genetics aims to provide a high-profile preparation in integrated and highly advanced topics, including both basic research and its applicative aspects in cellular physiology, pathology and medical genetics. The primary objective is to train young researchers by inserting them in innovative research projects of high scientific depth, encouraging them towards a rigorous, independent, critical and creative attitude. The PhD course affiliates to the BeMM PhD school (Biology and Molecular Medicine) that offer multiple interdisciplinary seminars and theoretical and practical courses. Students are strongly encouraged to participate in national and international congresses and courses, and to attend laboratories abroad to provide the skills to finalize scientific publications in highly prestigious journals. The PhD in Human Biology and Medical Genetics is divided into two curricula: Human Biology and Medical Genetics RESEARCH THEMES A) Curriculum of Human Biology: 1. Study of the molecular, cellular and tissue bases of the physiopathology of the hepatic stem cell and of hepatocyte differentiation 2. Transcriptional control mediated by non-coding RNAs in hepatocyte transformation 3. Molecular basis of exosome-mediated intercellular communication 4. Translational regulation in tumorigenesis 5. Molecular biology of non-coding RNAs in human cells. 6. Study of the molecular mechanisms that regulate the autophagic process 7. Molecular and cellular basis of the tumor microenvironment in the metastasis of cancer cells 8. Organoids of normal or tumor human thyrocytes as an experimental model for the study of pathophysiology and thyroid tumorigenesis 9. Study of the molecular mechanisms that regulate chronic inflammatory processes in human diseases 10. Molecular genetics, personalized therapy and gene therapy of cystic fibrosis. 11. Epigenetics and molecular genetics of human diseases 12. DNA methylation and demethylation in the modulation of gene expression and cell differentiation in neuromuscular model systems. 13. Study of the crosstalk between platelets and leukocytes in both sterile and infectious thromboinflammatory diseases B) Curriculum Medical Genetics: 1. Characterization of the molecular basis of mendelian diseases 2. Development and application of bioinformatics tools for genomic data analysis 3. Study of non-coding RNA-mediated mechanisms in physiological and pathological conditions 4. Oncological and oncohematological genetics 5. Pharmacogenetics/pharmacogenomics 6. Molecular and epidemiological genetics of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular complications 7. Translational research in rare diseases: study of the metabolome, genetic determinants, identification of biomarkers and development of new therapeutic approaches. 8. The human hematopoietic/stromal stem compartment and tissue regeneration after transplantation