The PhD course in Eco-System Biology aims to provide a solid conceptual and methodological foundation for studying the complexity of ecological systems. The systems are analyzed holistically to emphasize the emergent properties that result from integrating the different components. The approach is multidisciplinary, integrating principles from biology, mathematics, and computer science. The aim is to provide a quantitative analysis perspective that bridges the gap between experimental data and theoretical models in environmental research. This approach is integrative and predictive, with the potential to drive innovations in various areas of environmental research. This training aims to equip researchers with the skills to understand the emergent properties and dynamics of complex systems in the context of environmental change. They will learn to use various measurement techniques to collect data from different sources and integrate them to create a holistic view of the environmental system. They will also be trained to interpret data on the response of ecological systems to global change using innovative tools from computational mathematics and computer science. Finally, they will be able to develop sustainable solutions to manage and mitigate environmental change. The objectives are achieved through the development of specific research projects and interdisciplinary teaching. The latter combines principles from various disciplines, including Agronomy, Cell and Molecular Biology, Botany, Ecology, Microbiology, Zoology, Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science. The training project utilizes mathematical modeling, statistical mechanics, and computational simulations to examine the changes in ecological systems across various spatial and temporal scales. The training and research pathway prepares highly qualified researchers for academic positions at universities or national and international research organizations. These researchers can contribute to the advancement of basic and applied research. Additionally, the skills acquired through this pathway enable individuals to respond to the needs of the industrial and agricultural sectors. This will enable them to work in companies involved in biotechnological innovation and environmental sustainability.