The Ph.D. in “Pharmaceutical Sciences” course involves a scientific area dealing with pharmaceutical technologies and new chemical processes. Particularly, it is focused on three main chemistry-related subjects which are strictly related to each other: a) Synthesis (or extraction from natural sources and structural determination) of new pharmacologically active substances and studies of food chemistry and development of new synthetic processes and their application to thè preparation of biologically active compounds; b) Formulation studies aimed at thè optimization of drug therapeutic effects in terms of reduction of undesired side effects, modified release from thè dosage form, targeting and patient compliance) Development of new analytical procedures for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of drugs and identifying and quantitatively determining impurities and by-products. The Ph.D. course in “Pharmaceutical Sciences” aims to give Ph.D. students advanced knowledge in the pharmaceutical area and expand their expertise even to favor their entrance into the pharmaceutical industry or in academic or private research laboratories (University, CNR, Mario Negri Institute, etc.) Every Ph.D. student, under the guide of one or more tutors of our Faculty, follows a personal three-year training program that allows them to specialize in one of the above subjects. Nevertheless, frequent exchange of information through Schools (Ph.D. students are required to attend at least three Schools over the three years of the Ph.D. course) and seminars given by national and International experts (Ph.D. students are also required to give seminars on their studies at least once a year), will allow Ph.D. students in “Pharmaceutical Sciences” to widen their knowledge even in areas which are not strictly related to their research. Ph.D. students are encouraged to spend part of their time in foreign Universities to follow specific courses and investigate topics related to their thesis. Stages in pharmaceutical industries are also encouraged.