Specific and in depht investigations in all fields of phisiopathology, both surgical and medical, in matter of cardiac diseases, vascular disceases, thoracic diseases and in all fields of diagnosis by imaging including non invasive investigations, radiology and nuclear medicine. Those disciplines are strictly interwinned and complete each other in research. Every candidate admitted to the doctoral course is asked to present a subject and purpose of research and indicate in which unit or units such a research will be carried out. Equipment, materials and anything else needed for investigation has also to be specified and provided.