The primary objective of this PhD course is to encourage the inclusion of PhD students in research projects based on integrated multidisciplinary approaches, and directed towards key aspects of Cell Biology and Development, also with an applicative vision (https: // phd. uniroma1.it/web/BIOLOGIA-CELLULARE-E-DELLO-SVILUPPO_nD3489_IT.aspx). The training plan provides, in the first year, for the start of basic training for young researchers, within the interests of individual doctoral students. In the second and third years, the advancement of the training of young researchers is promoted and brought to completion. During the three years, the training activities are chosen independently by the PhD students, in line with their research, and approved by the Teaching Board. The course aims to develop scientific rigor, critical spirit and the ability to communicate their results and acquired knowledge in the doctoral students, both in oral and written form. Various actions are envisaged for this purpose: • PhD students must illustrate the results achieved both in the form of public seminars and written reports, drawn up in the form of a scientific manuscript suitable for submission to high-level international journals; • internal or external tutors are appointed who critically discuss the results with the students; • the dissemination of results at international congresses and internships is stimulated; • the finalization of the work carried out with scientific publications in quality journals is requested. Another objective of the course is to train the doctoral student in continuous updating, through the consultation of scientific literature and an intense seminar activity. The seminars are monographic or integrated into thematic series and are often co-organized with doctoral courses similar to or coordinated with the other courses of the BeMM Doctoral School - Biology and Molecular Medicine, which brings together different doctorates from the Faculties of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences and of Medicine, including this Doctoral Course. The many courses and activities for doctoral students organized within the BeMM school allow for the exchange of information and encourage the interdisciplinarity necessary to address the complex issues of biology. Internationalization is an intrinsic characteristic of this PhD Program, pursued through various actions: • PhD students are encouraged to spend at least 3 consecutive months internships abroad, with the financial support of this PhD course, also to obtain the additional title of Doctor Europaeus; • collaborations with high quality foreign laboratories are promoted; • foreign teachers are recruited from the college; • foreign teachers are invited for lectures and seminars; • lectures, seminars, tests and final exam are in English; • foreign students are attracted; • foreign external auditors and foreign teachers participate in the evaluations.